These solutions illustrate the application of dynamic programming and optimal control to solve complex decision-making problems. By breaking down problems into smaller sub-problems and using recursive equations, we can derive optimal solutions that maximize or minimize a given objective functional.
Using dynamic programming, we can break down the problem into smaller sub-problems and solve them recursively.
| (t) | (x) | (y) | (V(t, x, y)) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 0 | 10,000 | 0 | 12,000 | | 0 | 0 | 10,000 | 11,500 | | 1 | 10,000 | 0 | 14,400 | | 1 | 0 | 10,000 | 13,225 |
Using Pontryagin's maximum principle, we can derive the optimal control:
[x^*(t) = v_0t - \frac12gt^2 + \frac16u^*t^3]
The optimal trajectory is:
The optimal closed-loop system is:
Solving this equation using dynamic programming, we obtain:
[J(u) = x(T)]
[u^*(t) = -R^-1B'Px(t)]
Using optimal control theory, we can model the system dynamics as: