A: No. The 14‑day trial provides full functionality, including all optional modules you select at download time (e.g., Advanced Statistics, Regression, Custom Tables).

A: For most academic or trial installations, the license is a simple alphanumeric key entered during activation. Enterprise sites may use IBM’s License Manager, but this is handled by the IT department.

| Open‑Source Tool | Key Strengths | Learning Curve | |------------------|---------------|----------------| | + RStudio | Massive library of statistical packages, strong community, fully scriptable. | Medium‑high (requires programming). | | Python (pandas, statsmodels, scikit‑learn) | Integrated data wrangling + machine learning, popular in data‑science pipelines. | Medium (Python knowledge needed). | | Jamovi | GUI similar to SPSS, runs on top of R, free for education & research. | Low‑medium (point‑and‑click). | | PSPP | Direct SPSS‑compatible syntax, completely free, but fewer advanced procedures. | Low (SPSS‑like). | | JASP | Modern GUI, Bayesian statistics, open source. | Low (very user‑friendly). |

A: Yes. IBM provides native macOS installers for SPSS Statistics 28.